We realise that many children have undergone dramatic changes in their lives since the COVID-19 situation changed the world. Some of the biggest changes are to the demands on young, developing eyes and the unavoidable increase in screen time with home schooling.
How important is time outdoors for my child’s eyesight?
Another concern is that although the message of ‘stay home to stay safe’ has certainly protected children and adults from the coronavirus, some children have significantly increased their time indoors and significantly reduced their time outdoors. A concern arising from this is that research has shown significant time spent outdoors has a protective effect on the development or increase in eyesight problems such as myopia. Myopia also commonly referred to as ‘near-sightedness’ or ‘short-sightedness’, is a common eye condition which causes blurred distance vision.
It appears there is considerable room for improvement about parents’ understanding of how our lifestyles can impact a child’s eyesight and their myopia. Less than 1% of Australian parents of children aged under 12 years say reducing screen time is the best course of action for primary-school-aged children diagnosed with myopia, and less than 1% acknowledged the role of increasing the amount of time spent outdoors1.
Without this potentially protective effect of spending time outdoors in slowing the onset of myopia, we will see a considerable increase in children’s vision problems such as short-sightedness and astigmatism.
How long should my child spend outdoors a day?
Make sure that your child spends a minimum of two hours outdoors a day to ensure they have the protective effects outdoor activities confer. Adequate sun protection such as hats and sunglasses are recommended to get the balance right between protection from UV damage and protection from their myopia worsening.
Among Australian parents of children aged 17 years and under, 91% are not aware of the role excessive screen time can play2.
Why is it important to manage myopia?
Myopia is rapidly becoming a serious public health concern in Australia, yet new research3 shows that 65% of Australian parents (with children up to 17 years old) do not know what myopia is, and only 12% of parents recognise the health risk that their children might develop later in life from child myopia. This is of significant concern given that high myopia is also associated with comorbidities including retinal detachment, glaucoma, cataracts and myopic maculopathy. The risk of developing any of these conditions increases along with any increase in myopia.4
As we continue to adapt to the new ‘normal’ that COVID-19 brings, it is very important to see an optometrist that focuses on preventing your child’s short-sightedness from worsening, and to make sure your child’s eyes are well protected from the strain due to the increased amount of close up and screen work they may be doing.
What can I do to prevent or reduce my child’s myopia from progressing?
Follow all the guidance from your eyecare professionals about:
- minimising screen time
- taking short breaks every 20 minutes
- using good lighting when reading and doing close-up work
- spending time outdoors
Regular check-ups are even more important than usual with the increase in screen time and close-up work.
How Can My Optometrist Help?
The good news is that technology is changing for the better! There are many eyecare solutions that your optometrist can prescribe that are better than simply just ordinary glasses to slow down the rate your child’s eyesight worsens. If there is short-sightedness, and it is not corrected, doing nothing means their eyesight gets worse faster. It really is important to bring children in to get an eye test done regularly at least every 12 months for growing young eyeballs that may be susceptible to vision problems. This is particularly the case if one or both parents are short-sighted as there is a far greater risk for these children. We strongly encourage parents to bring their children in for an eye examination to ensure their eyes are protected as much as possible.
“Ten years into the future, I wonder if we will look back and think: we had the evidence about screen time damaging our children’s eyes, and we knew then that it exposed their eyes to higher risk for conditions that could cause irreversible blindness, such as retinal detachment, glaucoma, cataracts and myopic macular degeneration. Why didn’t we do more to protect their eyes? What was more important that we didn’t do something about protecting their eyes?”
Margaret Lam, Optometrist
About the Australia and New Zealand Child Myopia Working Group
The Australia and New Zealand Child Myopia Working Group is a collaboration of leading optometrists and ophthalmologists. The Working Group’s aim is to set a recommended standard of care for child myopia management, in order to slow progression of myopia in children.
To download a free copy of The Australia and New Zealand Child Myopia Report – A Focus on Future Management, launched in 2019 by the Australian and New Zealand Child Myopia Working Group click here.
Members are (in alphabetical order):
- Dr Rasha Altaie, Ophthalmologist, Auckland
- Luke Arundel, Chief Clinical Officer, Optometry Australia, Melbourne
- Jagrut Lallu, Optometrist and Immediate Past President of the Cornea and Contact Lens Society of New Zealand (CCLSNZ), Hamilton
- Margaret Lam, Optometrist and National President of the Cornea and Contact Lens Society of Australia (CCLSA), Sydney
- Dr Loren Rose, Paediatric Ophthalmologist, Sydney
- Andrew Sangster, Optometrist and Board Member of New Zealand Association of Optometrists, Wellington
- Chair – Scientia Professor Fiona Stapleton, School of Optometry and Vision Science UNSW, Sydney
1 CooperVision Australia and New Zealand, op.cit.
2 Source: CooperVision Australia and New Zealand Child myopia in Australia – consumer perceptions survey. Conducted by YouGovGalaxy August/September 2018
3 CooperVision Australia and New Zealand: Child Myopia in Australia – consumer perceptions survey. Conducted by YouGovGalaxy August/September 2018, conducted by YouGovGalaxy between Wednesday 29 August and Monday 3 September 2018. The sample comprised 1003 parents of children at home aged 0-18 years.
4 Fricke TR, Jong M, Naidoo KS, Sankaridurg P, Naduvilath TJ, Ho Suit SM, Wong TY, Resnikoff S, Global Prevalence of Visual Impairment Associated with Myopic Macular Degeneration and Temporal Trends from 2000 through 2050: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysys and Modelling. Br. J Opthalmol, April 2018